The poet was also a conscientious objector, life model, sailor, journalist and intelligence officer, and his letters, to Ezra Pound especially, are both challenging and moving
Funny old life, eh? Small world, etc. In one of those curious, Alan Bennett-y, believe-it-or-not-but-I-once-delivered-meat-to-the mother-in-law-of-T.S.-Eliot-type coincidences, it turns out that Mark Knopfler once worked as a copy boy on the Newcastle Evening Chronicle when Basil Bunting was working there as a sub-editor. Knopfler being Knopfler, he eventually wrote a sad sweet song about it, ‘Basil’, in which he describes England’s most important modernist poet sitting stranded in the newspaper offices, surrounded by up-and-coming Bri-Nylon-clad jack-the-lads, wearing his ancient blue sweater, puffing on his untipped Players, clearly ‘too old for the job’ and ‘bored out of his mind’. ‘Bury all joy/ Put the poems in sacks/ And bury me here with the hacks.’
Good old/poor old Basil: the sweater-wearing, sharp-bearded Bunting is periodically disinterred by poets and scholars seeking out alternative histories of English verse in which the off-beat, the eccentric, the experimental and the downright odd are shown to truly express and characterise the national spirit rather than the usual bland mainstream pap.
The academic and poet Alex Niven – one of the UK’s rather more interesting younger cultural critics, the author of both New Model Island: How to Build a Radical Culture Beyond the Idea of England (2019) and a short book about Oasis’s Definitely Maybe – now adds to this history with a selected edition of Basil Bunting’s letters. In his introduction to the volume, Niven acknowledges that even during his lifetime, Bunting was a ‘relatively unknown figure’ and that there is a ‘gappiness’ to the correspondence. Gappiness is well put – and a bit of an understatement. In both Bunting’s letters and the poetry there are years of billowing nothing. But what is there is remarkable and certainly deserves to be added to the alt. Eng. Lit. canon.
In the silence that is his chosen medium of communication and telling others about it in words. Is there no way not to be the sport of reason? For me now there is only the God-space into which I send out my probes. I had looked forward to old age as a time of quietness, a time to draw my horizons about me, to watch memories ripening in the sunlight of a walled garden. But there is the void over my head and the distance within that the tireless signals come from. An astronaut on impossible journeys to the far side of the self I return with the messages I cannot decipher, garrulous about them, worrying the ear of the passer-by, hot on his way to the marriage of plain fact with plain fact.
The Complete Poetry of Percy Bysshe Shelley: Vol. VII edited by Nora Crook. Johns Hopkins, 931 pp., £103.50, May 2021, 978 1 4214 3783 5
A summer storm in the Ligurian Sea can blow up out of nowhere. The Shelleys moved to the Bay of Lerici, halfway between Pisa and Genoa, at the end of April 1822. The place they rented, Casa Magni, was a former boathouse between the fishing village of Lerici and the even smaller hamlet of San Terenzo. ‘The sea came up to the door,’ Mary Shelley later wrote. ‘A steep hill sheltered it behind.’ As well as Mary, her husband, their surviving son and their servants, the household included their new friends Edward and Jane Williams, their children and servants, and Mary’s half-sister, Claire Clairmont.
Clairmont’s five-year-old daughter with Byron, Allegra, had died of typhus (or possibly malaria) only a few days earlier, in the convent near Ravenna where her father had more or less abandoned her. Percy Shelley had been fond of the child: ‘with me/She was a special favourite,’ he wrote in ‘Julian and Maddalo’ (1818); waiting in Byron’s Venetian palazzo for her father to turn up, they had ‘sat there, rolling billiard balls about’. Williams wrote in his journal that as they sat on the terrace one night, Shelley
grasped me violently by the arm and stared steadfastly on the white surf that broke upon the beach under our feet … I demanded of him if he were in pain – but he only answered by saying: ‘There it is again! There!’ … He saw, as plainly as he then saw me, a naked child rise from the sea, and clap its hands as in joy, smiling at him.
Shelley’s poetry is full of supernatural phenomena, ‘spirits of the air,/And genii of the evening breeze’. It’s possible to account for them through reference to classical models, but it’s also worth remembering that the sight of a ghostly child rising from the sea was as real to him as the sound of a skylark singing on a summer evening.
As we would always wish to find her waiting for us, seated, delphinium-eyed, dressed for the occasion; out of doors since it is always warm where she is. The red kerchief at the neck, that suggests blood, is art leading modesty astray. The hands, large enough for encircling the waist’s stem, are, as ours should be, in perfect repose, not accessory to the plucking of her own flower.
Goethe, they say, was a great poet, Pindar, perhaps, was a great poet, Shakespeare and Sophocles Stand beyond question. I am thinking of the few, the fortunate, Who died fulfilled.
I think of Christopher Marlowe, stabbed through the eye in a tavern brawl by a serving man, Spilling his youth and brains on the greasy planks. I think of young Keats, Wild with his work unfinished, sobbing for air, dying in Rome. I think of Edgar Poe And Robert Burns. I think of Lucretius leaving his poem unfinished to go and kill himself. I think of Archilochus Grinning with crazy bitterness. I think of Virgil In despair of his life-work, begging his friends to destroy it, coughing his lungs out.
Yet the young men Still come to me with their books and manuscripts, Eager to be poets, eager to be praised, eager as Keats. They are mad I think.
So God is born from our loss of nerve? He is the tree that looms up in our darkness, at whose feet we must fall to be set again on its branches on some April day of the heart. He needs us as a conductor his choir for the performance of an unending music. What we may not do is to have our horizon bare, is to make our way on through a desert white with the bones of our dead faiths. It is why some say, if there were no tree, we would have to set one up, but of steel and so leafless that he had taken himself off out of the reach of our transmitted prayers. Nightly we explore the universe on our wave-lengths, picking up nothing but those acoustic ghosts that could as well be mineral signaling to mineral as immortal mind communicating with itself.